The changing culture of silviculture

Abstract Changing climates are altering the structural and functional components of forest ecosystems at an unprecedented rate. Simultaneously, we seeing a diversification public expectations on broader sustainable use resources beyond timber production. As result, science art silviculture needs to adapt these changing realities. In this piece, argue that silviculturists gradually shifting from application empirically derived silvicultural scenarios new sets approaches, methods practices, process calls for broadening our conception as scientific discipline. We propose holistic view revolving around three key themes: observe, anticipate adapt. present how recent advances in remote sensing now enable observe structural, compositional attributes near-real-time, which turn facilitates deployment efficient, targeted measures practice adapted rapidly constraints. anticipate, highlight importance developing state-of-the-art models designed take into account effects environmental conditions growth dynamics. adapt, discuss need provide spatially explicit guidance implementation adaptive actions cost-effective socially acceptable. conclude by presenting steps towards development tools practical knowledge will ensure meeting societal demands conditions. classify main categories: re-examining existing trials identify stand associated with resistance resilience forests multiple stressors, technological workflows infrastructures allow continuous inventory updating frameworks, implementing bold, innovative consultation relevant communities where range strategies tested. perspective, can be defined observing condition anticipating its apply tending regeneration treatments multiplicity desired outcomes